Urban HEART tool
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چکیده
The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specifi c companies or of certain manufacturers' products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. The World Health Organization does not warrant that the information contained in this publication is complete and correct and shall not be liable for any damages incurred as a result of its use. 1 In the words of World Health Organization (WHO) Director-General, Dr Margaret Chan, " When health is concerned, equity really is a matter of life and death. " Tackling differentials in health across population groups is regaining prominence in the agenda of national and local governments, and international organizations. In 2005, WHO established the Commission on Social Determinants of Health to support countries and global health partners and to draw their attention to the social determinants of health, which are signifi cant factors in poor health and inequities in health between and within countries. world governments had endorsed the notion that health is linked to living and working conditions of the population, and acknowledged the role of community participation. Despite the commitment to " Health for All " at Alma-Ata, evidence shows that gaps between rich and poor countries and between the rich and poor within countries have since widened. The impact of the urban setting on health and, in particular, inequity in health has been widely documented. Evidence shows that while, on average, public services, including health and health service provision, in urban areas may be better than in rural areas, these averages often mask wide disparities between more and less disadvantaged populations. One key factor is the exclusion of the marginalized and vulnerable in public health planning and response systems (1). Urban health is infl uenced by a dynamic interaction between global, national and subnational policies; within that wider context, city governments and …
منابع مشابه
The application of urban health equity assessment and response tool (Urban HEART) in Tehran concepts and framework
Abstract Background: Inequalities in health are ever increasing among different communities of either affluent or disadvantaged especially in urban areas. To identify and address inequalities in health and its determinants among societies, urban health equity assessment and response tool (Urban HEART) in four 'policy domains' related to social determinants of health, has been developed by...
متن کاملتحلیل عاملی پرسشنامه ی سرمایه ی اجتماعی در مطالعه عدالت شهری تهران
Background and Aim: Social capital composed of networks, norms and values, which facilitates cooperation within and between groups to achieve mutual benefits and common goals. Social capital increases the benefits of investing in physical and human capital. In a society that favors more social capital, collaboration is easier. This study investigates the validity and reliability of a social cap...
متن کاملEffects of Community-Based Interventions in Reducing the Obesity and Overweight Rate Among Iranian Women Using Urban Health Equity Assessment and Response Tool
Introduction: The increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity is one of the most critical issues of urban health. The current study investigated the effects of community-based interventions on modification of overweight and obesity. Methods: A program based on the Urban Health Equity Assessment and Response Tool (Urban HEART) was developed and impleme...
متن کاملResponse-oriented measuring inequalities in Tehran: second round of Urban Health Equity Assessment and Response Tool (Urban HEART-2), concepts and framework
Background: Current evidence consistently confirm inequalities in health status among socioeconomic groups, gender, ethnicity, geographical area and other social determinants of health (SDH), which adversely influence health of the population. SDH refer to a wide range of factors not limited to social component, but also involve economic, cultural, educational, political or environment...
متن کاملLinking evidence to action on social determinants of health using Urban HEART in the Americas.
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the experience of select cities in the Americas using the Urban Health Equity Assessment and Response Tool (Urban HEART) launched by the World Health Organization in 2010 and to determine its utility in supporting government efforts to improve health equity using the social determinants of health (SDH) approach. METHODS The Urban HEART experience was evaluated in four ci...
متن کاملThe multilevel analysis of the social network in the older adults on the Urban HEART-2
Background: Social network in older adults refers to the interpersonal relationships and the perception of these relationships. Given the importance of the social network, the current study was conducted to answer three pivotal questions. First, do personal and district factors affect the social network of the elderly? Second, how much share do the personal and district factors have in the soci...
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تاریخ انتشار 2010